Swordtail Care Sheet

Beginner

Xiphophorus hellerii · fish

Swordtails are hardy, active livebearers ideal for beginners. They prefer slightly hard, alkaline water and a planted tank with ample swimming space.

Quick care stats

Adult size4-5 inches

Lifespan3-5 years

Min tank size20 gallons

Water temp72-82°F

pH7.0-8.0

Hardness10-20 dGH

Temperamentpeaceful

Group / schooling1 male with 2-3 females (or group of 4+ with more females)

Tank matesPeaceful community fish like mollies, platies, tetras, corydoras.

DietOmnivore; feed high-quality flake or pellet daily, supplement with frozen or live foods like brine shrimp and daphnia 2-3 times per week.

What you need (full setup)

🔧 Tank (20 gallons or larger)Provides enough swimming space and water volume for a stable environment.🔧 Filter (sponge or hang-on-back rated for tank size)Maintains water quality and provides biological filtration.🔧 Adjustable heater (100-150 watts)Keeps water temperature stable within the preferred range.🔧 Thermometer (stick-on or digital)Monitors water temperature to prevent fluctuations.🔧 Fine gravel or sand substrateSwordtails do not have specific substrate needs; fine substrate is gentle on barbels and easy to clean.🔧 Water conditioner (dechlorinator)Removes chlorine and chloramines from tap water, making it safe for fish.🔧 Test kit (liquid, for pH, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate)Essential for monitoring water parameters and ensuring a healthy environment.🔧 Live or silk plants (e.g., Java moss, Anubias) and decorProvides hiding spots and reduces stress, especially for females from male attention.

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Common health issues

Ich (white spot disease) from temperature stress
Fin rot due to poor water quality
Stress from overcrowding or aggressive males

⚠️ For any sign of illness (not eating, lethargy, swelling, retained shed), see a qualified exotics vet. Care sheets are general guidance only.