Betta Fish Care Sheet
BeginnerBetta splendens · fish
Betta fish are colorful, hardy fish suitable for beginners. They require a heated, filtered tank with plenty of hiding spots and calm water.
Quick care stats
Adult size2.5-3 inches
Lifespan3-5 years
Min tank size5 gallons
Water temp76-82°F
pH6.5-7.5
Hardness5-15 dGH
TemperamentSemi-aggressive; males aggressive to each other, can be kept with docile tank mates
Group / schoolingSolo (males); females can be in sororities with caution
Tank matesSmall peaceful fish like neon tetras, corydoras, and snails
DietCarnivorous; feed high-quality betta pellets or flakes once or twice daily, supplemented with frozen or live foods like bloodworms or brine shrimp.
What you need (full setup)
🔧 Tank (5+ gallons with lid)Minimum space for a betta; lid prevents jumping.🔧 Sponge filter or gentle hang-on-back filterProvides biological filtration without strong currents that stress bettas.🔧 Adjustable heater (50-100W)Maintains stable temperature in the ideal 76-82°F range.🔧 ThermometerMonitors water temperature to ensure heater works correctly.🔧 Substrate (sand or smooth gravel)Provides a natural look and prevents injury to delicate fins.🔧 Water conditioner (dechlorinator)Removes chlorine and chloramines from tap water.🔧 Liquid test kit (e.g., API Master Test Kit)Monitors ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, and pH to maintain water quality.🔧 Silk or live plants (e.g., Java fern, Anubias) and hiding spotsProvides cover, reduces stress, and mimics natural habitat.
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Common health issues
- Fin rot
- Ich
- Swim bladder disease
- Stress from poor water quality
⚠️ For any sign of illness (not eating, lethargy, swelling, retained shed), see a qualified exotics vet. Care sheets are general guidance only.